ABSTRACT
Stereo Amplifier is a device for increasing the audio power of a signal by use of an external energy source. It is design to meet up with the amplification demand in homes, offices, industries and especially in music industries. Audio Amplifier low-power audio signals (signals composed primarily of frequencies between 20 – 20 000 Hz, the human range of hearing) to a level suitable for driving loudspeakers and is the final stage in a typical audio playback chain, While the input signal to an audio amplifier may measure only a few hundred microwatts, its output may be tens, hundreds, or thousands of watts.
This device is designed to deliver appreciable power to the load. Stereo amplifiers may be called upon to supply power ranging from a few watts in an audio amplifier to many hundreds or thousands of watts to a load (speaker).
The heart of this work is TDA2822 IC which is the best choice in stereo high power amplifier circuits. It consists of two inputs as well as two outputs. The inputs and outputs of this IC can deliver 250mw of output power. The amplifier circuit in the IC is suitable for noise-free operation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.3 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 HISTORITICAL BACKGROUND OF AN AMPLIFIER
2.2 REVIEW OF CLASSIFICATION OF POWER AMPLIFIERS
2.3 CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO MODE OF OPERATION
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
3.6 PARTS LIST
3.7 DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
An Audio amplifier is an electronic amplifier that amplifies low-power audio signals (signals composed primarily of frequencies between 20 – 20 000 Hz, the human range of hearing) to a level suitable for driving loudspeakers. It is the final electronic stage in a typical audio playback chain.
Power Amplifier (also known as a large signal amplifier), is to deliver power to the load, and as we know from above, is the product of the voltage and current applied to the load with the output signal power being greater than the input signal power. In other words, a power amplifier amplifies the power of the input signal which is why these types of amplifier circuits are used in audio amplifier output stages to drive loudspeakers.
The power amplifier works on the basic principle of converting the DC power drawn from the power supply into an AC voltage signal delivered to the load. Although the amplification is high the efficiency of the conversion from the DC power supply input to the AC voltage signal output is usually poor.
The preceding stages in such a chain are low power audio amplifiers which perform tasks like pre-amplification (this is particularly associated with record turntable signals), equalization, tone controls, mixing/effects, or audio sources like record players, CD players, and cassette players. Most audio power amplifiers require these low-level inputs to adhere to line levels.
This device is built around TDA2822 which is one kind of Op-amp (operational amplifier) that can be used in low output applications like a stereo amplifier. This IC has some features like it is available in 16-pin power DIP package, low crossover distortion, low-quiescent current. The IC TDA2822 can be worked with a supply voltage of 3V to 15V. The applications of this IC include portable audio systems, preamplifier, hearing aid mini radio, headphone amplifier, etc. The IC TDA 2822 can deliver 0.65W of output power. The IC TDA2822 can deliver 0.65W o/p power for each channel into a 4-ohm loudspeaker of the 6V supply voltage in the stereo method and 1.35W into a 4-ohm loudspeaker 6V supply voltage in the bridge mode.
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The purpose of a stereo amplifier is to receive a small electrical signal and enlarge or amplify it. In the case of a pre-amplifier, the signal must be amplified enough to be accepted by a power amplifier. In the case of a power amplifier, the signal must be enlarged much more, enough to power a loudspeaker. Although amplifiers appear to be a mysterious ‘black box,’ the basic operating principles are relatively simple. An amplifier receives an input signal from a source (mobile device, turntable, CD/DVD/media player, etc.) and creates an enlarged replica of the original smaller signal. The power required to do this comes from the 220-volt wall receptacle. Amplifiers have three basic connections: an input from the source, an output to the speakers, and a source of power from the 220-volt wall socket.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main objective of this work is to overview a stereo amplifier that will deliver appreciable power to the load. Stereo Power amplifiers may be called upon to supply power ranging from a few watts in an audio amplifier to watts to a load (speaker).
1.3 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This stereo amplifier that can be used to amplify audio from mobile devices. IC TDA2822M used in the circuit comes in an 8-pin DIP package.
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
The advantage this stereo amplifier has over other amplifier is that:
- it consumes low energy (that is, low current and voltage) as low as 3v power supply which means it can be powered by 3v battery instead of power supply.
- It is easy to construct
- Low cost
- this TDA2822 IC is the best choice in stereo high power amplifier circuits. It consists of two inputs as well as two outputs. The inputs and outputs of this IC can deliver 250mw of output power.
- The amplifier circuit in the IC is suitable for noise-free operation.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- Limited output voltage, current, and power levels. This amplifier can only be used for small signal amplification
Overview Of Stereo Amplifier Using TDA28221C. (n.d.). UniTopics. https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/overview-of-stereo-amplifier-using-tda28221c/
“Overview Of Stereo Amplifier Using TDA28221C.” UniTopics, https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/overview-of-stereo-amplifier-using-tda28221c/. Accessed 20 September 2024.
“Overview Of Stereo Amplifier Using TDA28221C.” UniTopics, Accessed September 20, 2024. https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/overview-of-stereo-amplifier-using-tda28221c/
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