The Design And Implementation Of An Electronic Sign Pattern Display

ABSTRACT

This design implementation of this electronic sequential sign post display employs the use of some specialized components. This section of the project introduces the reader to the different section of the project and the components that makes them up.

Emphasis are laid on describing the behaviour and operational system of the components as related to the project modeling, analysis, design and implementation of an ELECTRONIC SIGN POST, which is made up of a power supply, a shift register, a counter, multivibrator (555CMOSI.C) transistor, relay, resistors of different ohmic values capacitors, sensitive mic (for the switching system) and 220V AC lamp.

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 3.1: Block Diagram of a Dynamic Sign Display

Fig. 3.2: Arrangement of the Pattern Display

Fig. 4.1: Transformer Arrangement

Fig. 4.2: Bridge Rectifier

Fig. 4.3: Voltage and Current Waveforms

Fig. 4.4: Full Diagrams of Power Supply

Fig. 5.1: Four Bit Series in Parallel out Register Logic Circuit Arrangement

Fig. 5.2: Clear and Shift Sequence

Fig. 5.3: Circuit Diagram  for SR Ftip-Flop

Fig. 5.4: Timing Diagram for SR Ftip-Flop Unclocked

Fig. 4.4.B: Clocke Circuit

Fig. 6.1: Transistor Switch/Relay Drive

Fig. 6.2: Wave form of a Monostable, Fti-Flop

Fig. 7.1: Astable Multivibrator

Fig. 7.2: Internal Block Diagram of CMOS555 Timer

Fig. 7.3: 555CMOS Connection as a Multivibrator

Fig. 7.4: 555CMOS Connection as a Timer

Fig. 7.5: 555CMOS Connection as a Monostable Vibrator

Fig. 8.1: Asynchroneous Decade Counter using Reset

Fig. 8.2: Asynchroneous Decade Using Feedback

Fig. 8.3: Timing Wave form

Fig. 8.4: Pin configuration of Latch Counter

Fig. 8.5: Circuit Diagrams of a Divided Counter

Fig. 8.6: Complete Circuit Diagram of Electronics Sign Post

Fig. 8.7: Complete Picture of Electronic Sign Post

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Declaration

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgements

List of Table

List of Figure

Table of Contents

Abstract

Description/Functions of Components Used with

List of Figures

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology

CHAPTER FOUR 

Power supply

Rectification

Filtration

CHAPTER FIVE 

Design of sequential Counter

CHAPTER SIX

Design of the transistor/Relay Drive

CHAPTER SEVEN

Design of system timing circuit

Design of an interated timing circuit

Astable multivbrator

Asignchronous counter

Synchronous counter

CHAPTER EIGHT 

Construction and packaging

Packaging

Problem encountered and solutions

References 

ABSTRACT

This design implementation of this electronic sequential sign post display employs the use of some specialized components. This section of the project introduces the reader to the different section of the project and the components that makes them up.

Emphasis are laid on describing the behaviour and operational system of the components as related to the project modeling, analysis, design and implementation of an ELECTRONIC SIGN POST, which is made up of a power supply, a shift register, a counter, multivibrator (555CMOSI.C) transistor, relay, resistors of different ohmic values capacitors, sensitive mic (for the switching system) and 220V AC lamp.

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 3.1: Block Diagram of a Dynamic Sign Display

Fig. 3.2: Arrangement of the Pattern Display

Fig. 4.1: Transformer Arrangement

Fig. 4.2: Bridge Rectifier

Fig. 4.3: Voltage and Current Waveforms

Fig. 4.4: Full Diagrams of Power Supply

Fig. 5.1: Four Bit Series in Parallel out Register Logic Circuit Arrangement

Fig. 5.2: Clear and Shift Sequence

Fig. 5.3: Circuit Diagram  for SR Ftip-Flop

Fig. 5.4: Timing Diagram for SR Ftip-Flop Unclocked

Fig. 4.4.B: Clocke Circuit

Fig. 6.1: Transistor Switch/Relay Drive

Fig. 6.2: Wave form of a Monostable, Fti-Flop

Fig. 7.1: Astable Multivibrator

Fig. 7.2: Internal Block Diagram of CMOS555 Timer

Fig. 7.3: 555CMOS Connection as a Multivibrator

Fig. 7.4: 555CMOS Connection as a Timer

Fig. 7.5: 555CMOS Connection as a Monostable Vibrator

Fig. 8.1: Asynchroneous Decade Counter using Reset

Fig. 8.2: Asynchroneous Decade Using Feedback

Fig. 8.3: Timing Wave form

Fig. 8.4: Pin configuration of Latch Counter

Fig. 8.5: Circuit Diagrams of a Divided Counter

Fig. 8.6: Complete Circuit Diagram of Electronics Sign Post

Fig. 8.7: Complete Picture of Electronic Sign Post

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Declaration

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgements

List of Table

List of Figure

Table of Contents

Abstract

Description/Functions of Components Used with

List of Figures

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology

CHAPTER FOUR 

Power supply

Rectification

Filtration

CHAPTER FIVE 

Design of sequential Counter

CHAPTER SIX

Design of the transistor/Relay Drive

CHAPTER SEVEN

Design of system timing circuit

Design of an interated timing circuit

Astable multivbrator

Asignchronous counter

Synchronous counter

CHAPTER EIGHT 

Construction and packaging

Packaging

Problem encountered and solutions

References 

ABSTRACT

This design implementation of this electronic sequential sign post display employs the use of some specialized components. This section of the project introduces the reader to the different section of the project and the components that makes them up.

Emphasis are laid on describing the behaviour and operational system of the components as related to the project modeling, analysis, design and implementation of an ELECTRONIC SIGN POST, which is made up of a power supply, a shift register, a counter, multivibrator (555CMOSI.C) transistor, relay, resistors of different ohmic values capacitors, sensitive mic (for the switching system) and 220V AC lamp.

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 3.1: Block Diagram of a Dynamic Sign Display

Fig. 3.2: Arrangement of the Pattern Display

Fig. 4.1: Transformer Arrangement

Fig. 4.2: Bridge Rectifier

Fig. 4.3: Voltage and Current Waveforms

Fig. 4.4: Full Diagrams of Power Supply

Fig. 5.1: Four Bit Series in Parallel out Register Logic Circuit Arrangement

Fig. 5.2: Clear and Shift Sequence

Fig. 5.3: Circuit Diagram  for SR Ftip-Flop

Fig. 5.4: Timing Diagram for SR Ftip-Flop Unclocked

Fig. 4.4.B: Clocke Circuit

Fig. 6.1: Transistor Switch/Relay Drive

Fig. 6.2: Wave form of a Monostable, Fti-Flop

Fig. 7.1: Astable Multivibrator

Fig. 7.2: Internal Block Diagram of CMOS555 Timer

Fig. 7.3: 555CMOS Connection as a Multivibrator

Fig. 7.4: 555CMOS Connection as a Timer

Fig. 7.5: 555CMOS Connection as a Monostable Vibrator

Fig. 8.1: Asynchroneous Decade Counter using Reset

Fig. 8.2: Asynchroneous Decade Using Feedback

Fig. 8.3: Timing Wave form

Fig. 8.4: Pin configuration of Latch Counter

Fig. 8.5: Circuit Diagrams of a Divided Counter

Fig. 8.6: Complete Circuit Diagram of Electronics Sign Post

Fig. 8.7: Complete Picture of Electronic Sign Post

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Declaration

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgements

List of Table

List of Figure

Table of Contents

Abstract

Description/Functions of Components Used with

List of Figures

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology

CHAPTER FOUR 

Power supply

Rectification

Filtration

CHAPTER FIVE 

Design of sequential Counter

CHAPTER SIX

Design of the transistor/Relay Drive

CHAPTER SEVEN

Design of system timing circuit

Design of an interated timing circuit

Astable multivbrator

Asignchronous counter

Synchronous counter

CHAPTER EIGHT 

Construction and packaging

Packaging

Problem encountered and solutions

References

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The vehicle system control using telemetry application is all about using a radio wave to control and activate certain events such as the car horn, car head light, car ignition (starter) and car air conditioner etc.

This is achieved by using various tone frequencies by using an encoder via a radio frequency transmitter (low power) that provides the carrier frequency for these tones.

At the receiver end demultiplexing and decoding of these tone takes place via a detector/receiver stage. The output of the encoder is used to turn on a relay switch, which inturn connects power source to either the car engine, horn or lamp etc.

The application of thus project include space exploration, where lunar vehicles are controlled from earth station by using satellite as the medium of transfer of signals.

In the military warfare, unmanned air crafts, missiles and even armoured tanks are controlled these days by using the pinaple of telemetry applications. Other areas include GSM, where a subscriber has the total control of his telephone calls conversation through the BTS (Base Transmission or Transceiver Station). Its application are so vast and large that they are too numerous to mention.

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR TRANSMITTER CONTROL UNIT

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR RECEIVER CONTROL UNIT

Telemetry system has two units the transmitter and receiver. The link between the two unit is radio wave. The transmitter sends tones of different frequencies the receiver receives the tones.

TRANSMITTER

Transmitter is a device that process and possibly encode information, so as to make it suitable for transmission and subsequent reception. In a transmitter the information modulates the carrier. It superimposed an a light frequency since wave modulation varies from one system to another and may be high or low levels. Modulations is of three types amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and pulse modulation or combination of these.

FREQUENCY MODULATION:

Frequency modulation is a system in which the amplitude of the modulated carrier is constant while its frequency and rate of change are varied by the modulating signal. Frequency modulation is much more immune to noise than amplitude modulation noise vector is superimposed on the carrier.