Design And Fabrication Of Soy Milk Mixing Machine

ABSTRACT

Soya milk is aqueous liquid obtained from extraction of milk from soya bean. It involves grinding of soaked soya beans with water to produce slurry, mixed of the slurry with water in order to separate the milk from chaff and sieving of the milk from the paste. Soya milk mixing was designed and fabricated with locally source materials   which are stainless steel, hopper, bearing, spring, shaft, frame, pulley, belt, electric motor, filtering chamber, net, blending unit, mild steel, angle iron. These help in reducing the cost of the production. This machine included the filtering net and the water chamber to ease the workload of the operator handling the machine. It can grind and mix 8.301 g/s and produce 33.12 liters in an hour. It reduces the cost and enhances the production of the soya milk.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                          BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Soy milk is a plant-based drink produced by soaking and grinding soybeans, boiling the mixture, and filtering out remaining particulates. Soya Milk is an inexpensive and remarkably versatile high protein food made from soya beans. It is a white liquid made from the seed. Unlike most other protein foods, milk is entirely free from cholesterol and low in fat (specially saturated fats).

The quality of protein is as high as that found in chicken. It is also good for dieters as this contain low calories. It is an excellent food for babies, children, elderly people, pregnant and lactating women since it contains vegetable protein which is very nutritious and easy to digest.

It is also known as an aqueous liquid obtained from extraction of milk from soya bean. It involves grinding of soaked soya beans with water to produce slurry, mixed of the slurry with water in order to separate the milk from chaff and sieving of the milk from the paste (Gbabo et al.,2012).

The consumer’s enlightenment on health effects of dairy milk consumption has contributed in acceptability andpopularity of soya milk (Gbabo et al., 2012; Jinapong et al., 2008). Dairy milk consumption was reported by McGee (2004) to increase the risk of suffering from certain health problems such as cow milk allergy, which is not found in grains drink. According to Amusa et al.(2005) soya milk has numerous benefits such as social, economic, nutritional and medicinal for its numerous consumers. The affordability of this milk compared to other none alcoholic beverages such as soft drinks have also contributed in making it popular among the people. The major problems associate with locally processed soya milk is its contamination and short shelf life, also the production process is tedious and time consumption (Odu et al., 2012). The contamination of the milk could be as result of rusting of the processing equipment which is mostly made from mild steel material. Also the process involve different stages using different equipment which makes the production process tiresome, time consuming and the products are predisposed to contamination. In additional, there is possibility of contamination of beverages as result of wearing of component parts of milling plate with time of use (Gana, 2011).

According to FAO (2001) and Olaoye (2011), soyabeans is considered as one very important grain grown commercially in more than 35 countries of the world. (Anuonye, J, 2006) concluded that soyabean contains 40% protein, 35% total carbohydrate and 20% cholesterol-free oil. Smith and Circle (1972) opined that mineral content of whole soyabean is about 1.7% of potassium, 0.3% of Magnesium, 110 ppm iron, 50 ppm zinc and 20 ppm copper. Soyabean is the world leading vegetable oil and accounts for about 20% to 24% of all fats and oil in the world(Adebayo, et al., 2009). Soyabean is becoming increasingly important in agriculture because it is a food source in human and animal nutrition. Soyabean is among the major industrial and food crops grown in every continent. The crop can be successfully grown in many states in Nigeria using low agricultural input. Soyabean cultivation in Nigeria has expanded as a result of its nutritive and economic importance and diverse domestic usage(Adeleke, et al.,2000) It is also a prime source of vegetable oil in the international market. Soyabean has an average protein content of 40% and is more protein-rich than any of the common vegetable or animal food sources found in Nigeria. Soyabean seeds also contain about 20% of oil on a dry matter basis, and this is 85% unsaturated and cholesterol-free(Aworanti et al., 2013).

It is good for food-soya-milk, soya-cheese, dadawa, Tom Brown (infant weaning food); it is the source of an excellent vegetable oil, is used in industry, improves soil fertility and controls the parasitic weed, stock feed, especially for poultry, the haulms provide good feed for sheep and goats(Sudajan, et al., 2003). This work is on fabrication of soy milk mixing machine.

1.2                                PROBLEM STATEMENT

Soy milk is a well-known dairy milk replacement, but it’s not just a substitute ingredient. Soy milk can be a worthwhile addition to your diet on its own. This healthy, flavorful beverage first came about as a waste product on the way to making tofu. Today, soy milk can be found around the country as a lactose-free dairy substitute with health benefits that are all its own. The traditional method of soy milk mixing involves much labour, time wastage, dirty (which exposes it to micro-organisms) and also leads to wastage of soybean which gets filtered out. Fabricating a motorized soy milk mixing machine is a way of solving the above problems mentioned in using traditional method of mixing soy milk.

1.3                  AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The aim is to fabricate a workable motorized soya milk mixing machine using locally available materials. The objectives of the project are:

1. To design and fabricate model motorized soya milk mixing
2. To modify the design of the existing soya milk mixing machine (dimensions) to the home use small scale size.

• To save time and reduce labour of processing soy milk products by the average family.

1. To promote health consumption of soya milk products

1.4                 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

It can be used for both urban and rural settlements where there is electricity supply. Apart from faster rating rate, it required less human involvement. The mixing mechanism is made of metallic pipe that carries a perforated plate which served as the grater. This overcomes the problem faced in the manual method of mixing.

1.5                 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

This machine is electrically operated soya milk mixing machine that requires only one person to operate. Efficiency, portability, ease of operation, corrosion prevention of mixing component of the machine is the advantages of the machine.

1.6                     PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

1. This machine stops working when there is no power supply failure.
2. It is more expensive than the manual type.

1.7                                SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Fabrication of a motorized soy milk mixing machine include filter in other to reduce the stress that the operators are passing through during the mixing section and also the chamber where the water will be flowing without any external effort by operators will be attached to it. It is unhygienic when the soy milk is being grinded and the operator will be using hands to sieve it and at the same time he will be using ordinary hands to be pouring water into the hopper. This machine will solve this unhygienic problem.