Design And Construction Of An IoT Based Smart Fan

ABSTRACT

Electricity has been known as a resource in our daily life; it is also used almost in all the places both in office, home and industries. Presently, in developing countries such as Nigeria, the supply of electricity is witnessing a huge short supply and doesn’t meet the current population demand. This is due to two main constraints; the one is that there is a limited amount of electricity production and the second one is due to the misuse of electricity just by ignoring to switch off the device when they are not needed. The first constraint can be resolved by change in the government policy to increase more number of production units, whereas the second constraint will be eliminated by adopting the emerging IoT technologies. In this paper we proposed a special type of device called Smart Fan as a model for addressing the above scenario. The Smart Fan includes an ultrasonic sensor with wireless enabled IoT technologies that activates and deactivates the ON/OFF operation based on detecting the human presence. The system also contains a LCD display unit for indicating the room temperature. The model was integrated with the android mobile app for controlling the Smart Fan manually as well. The device is implemented in the office working environment, which results a huge power saving of electricity and helps to improve the life of the fan unit.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF STUDY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF FAN
• REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FANS
• OVERVIEW OF INTERNET OF THINGS
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INTERNET OF THINGS
• APPLICATIONS OF IOT
• REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• HARDWARE USED
• SOFTWARE USED
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• WORKING OF THE SYSTEM

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0    TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS

• RESULT AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER FOUR

1.0                                                       INTRODUCTION

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Energy conservation is the effort made to reduce the consumption of energy by using less of an energy service. Energy saving, in any system, deals with the minimization of energy wastage. To achieve this, the efficiency of the individual components and processes of the system needs to be improved. Automatic control refers to any controlling mechanism which does not require any human intervention.

Automation has become a popular topic in the modern-day technology. Each person tends to use automated devices in his or her daily life due to multiple reasons ranging from safety to ease of handling. The small-scale industrialists, therefore, have focused to increase their market to the public in a more efficient way.

Most of the living rooms are not well arranged with air conditioning. So fan is the main way of cooling down and is used in most of the houses. In traditional fan the user has to control it manually each time by walking towards the switch board. The basic need of automatic speed control is to reduce the consumption of power and human effort. In the traditional system there is wastage of electrical energy and it is controlled manually. To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional system an automatic control system of the fan is proposed.

The Internet of Things (IOT) has also emerged to make smart devices smarter. With the evolution of Internet of Things (IOT) all these manually controlled electrical and electronic devices can be controlled automatically using a smartphone or other similar devices. China Communication Standards Association gives three layer structure of IOT: The first layer is the sensing layer mainly used for collecting information; the second layer is the network layer used for information transmission and processing; the third layer is the application layer used for storage and decision making.

The main concept of IOT is that it can create a virtual connection between a hub or a network and electronic and electrical objects. This virtual connection helps to control, locate, and track down these connected objects. On the basis of device-to -device connectivity concept the development of smart sensor together with communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth etc.

So we have designed a circuit which will solve the above problems using above method and make the use of fan more user friendly by making the process smart.

The rest of this paper is organized as follows. We will first start with problem statement then introduce the various Hardware and Software used in this system. In next section we will represent and explain the block diagram for the system. Then we will show and explain the circuit diagram of the system. It is followed by the flow chart of the system. Then it’s ended by the conclusion.

1.2                                                     PROBLEM STATEMENT

The main problem with existing conventional fans like ceiling fan, table fans, pedal fans, etc. is that the user has to control it manually each time by walking towards the switch board; which can be a serious issue for senior or disabled persons. In addition, the power consumption in these types of conventional fans is high given the amount of air flow produced. Our proposed method can solve this problem effectively and provide a smart speed control in a much efficient way. The final prototype fan can increase user’s comfort level as it can be controlled automatically based on human presence and manually using smart phone.

1.3                                 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this study is to build an IOT based electric fan which operates both automatically and manually – using android.

The objectives are:

1. To build a fan that is controlled with your smart phone which can be useful and friendly to disable people in a room.
2. To build a fan is able to sense temperature of the environment and work with it via temperature sensors.

• To save energy

1. To reduce human labour

1.4                                             PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to conserve electricity and to increase user’s comfort level as it can be controlled automatically based on human presence and manually using smart phone.

1.5                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used for temperature control electrical appliances such as:

1. Air conditioner
2. Refrigerator

• Fan,

1. furnace etc.
2. homes
3. industries

1.6                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1. The advantages of such a system are less energy usage, and provides more convenient to the consumers.
2. This will help in saving the energy / electricity.

1.7                                                 LIMITATION OF STUDY

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

1. Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
2. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

• Time Constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

1.8                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.