Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger

This work is on an automatic switch-off battery charger based on a 555 timer IC. This smart charger automatically switches off when your rechargeable batteries reach the full charge. The circuit comprises a bistable multi-vibrator wired around timer IC 555. The bistable output is fed to an ammeter (via diode D1) and potmeter VR1 before it goes to three Ni-Cd batteries that are to be charged.

Thus when the batteries are fully charged to 3×1.2V=3.6V, a voltage higher than this makes transistor T1 to conduct. Transistor T2 also conducts and transistor T3 goes off. The threshold level of timer 555 reaches 6V, which is more than 2/3×VCC = 2/ 3×6=4V, to turn off the timer.

During charging, the threshold level of the timer is held low. The green LED (LED1) glows during charging of the batteries and goes off at the attainment of full charge. This circuit can be used only for 1.2V, 600mAH Ni-Cd rechargeable batteries that require 60 mA of current for 15 hours to charge fully.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

  • PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
  • AIM OF THE PROJECT
  • OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
  • PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
  • LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
  • ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
  • PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
  • APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
  • RESEARCH QUESTION
  • PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
  • REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1      BASIC OF THE SYSTEM

3.2     BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

3.3      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.4      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.6     DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED

3.7      POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TESTING AND RESULTS

  • CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
  • INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
  • ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
  • TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
  • COST ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FIVE

  • CONCLUSION
  • RECOMMENDATION
  • REFERENCES

 

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Automatic Switch-off Battery Charger

Circuit operation

Normally, the full charge potential of an Ni-Cd cell is 1.2V. Trigger the bistable by pressing switch S1 and adjust potmeter VR1 for 60mA current through the ammeter.

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Now remove the ammeter and connect a jumper wire between its points ‘a’ and ‘b.’ Connect the positive output terminal of the batteries to the emitter of pnp transistor T1. The base of transistor T1 is held at 2.9V by adjusting potmeter VR2. The output of transistor T1 is inverted twice by npn transistors T2 and T3.

Thus when the batteries are fully charged to 3×1.2V=3.6V, a voltage higher than this makes transistor T1 to conduct. Transistor T2 also conducts and transistor T3 goes off. The threshold level of timer 555 reaches 6V, which is more than 2/3×VCC = 2/ 3×6=4V, to turn off the timer.

During charging, the threshold level of the timer is held low. The green LED (LED1) glows during charging of the batteries and goes off at the attainment of full charge.

Note that this circuit can be used only for 1.2V, 600mAH Ni-Cd rechargeable batteries that require 60 mA of current for 15 hours to charge fully.

APA

Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger. (n.d.). UniTopics. https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/design-and-construction-of-an-automatic-switch-off-battery-charger/

MLA

“Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger.” UniTopics, https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/design-and-construction-of-an-automatic-switch-off-battery-charger/. Accessed 10 November 2024.

Chicago

“Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger.” UniTopics, Accessed November 10, 2024. https://www.unitopics.com/project/material/design-and-construction-of-an-automatic-switch-off-battery-charger/

WORK DETAILS

Here’s a typical structure for Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger research projects:

  • The title page of Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger should include the project title, your name, institution, and date.
  • The abstract of Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger should be a summary of around 150-250 words and should highlight the main objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.
  • The introduction of Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger should provide the background information, outline the research problem, and state the objectives and significance of the study.
  • Review existing research related to Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger, identifying gaps the study aims to fill.
  • The methodology section of Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger should describe the research design, data collection methods, and analytical techniques used.
  • Present the findings of the Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger research study using tables, charts, and graphs to illustrate key points.
  • Interpret Design And Construction Of An Automatic Switch-Off Battery Charger results, discussing their implications, limitations, and potential areas for future research.
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