Design And Construction Of An Automatic Bathroom Light Using Motion Sensor

ABSTRACT

Whenever we enter in our washroom we turn on the lights and turn them off whenever we leave. But sometimes we forget to turn off the lights and other appliances while coming out of the washroom. By these mistakes we waste lot of electricity every day and also it decreases the lifetime of the bulb. So we should make a device which can automatically turn on and turn off the bathroom lights. The aim of this work is to bring solution to this problem by making a circuit which can automatically turn on the lights whenever someone enters the washroom and turn off the lights when someone leaves the washroom using motion sensor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM/ OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      OVERVIEW OF AN ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER

2.2     REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTRUDER SENSOR

2.3     HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ARDUINO

2.4     DEVELOPMENT OF ARDUINO

CHAPTER THREE

DESIGN METHODOLOGY

3.0      METHODOLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.3     HARDWARE COMPONENTS REQUIRED

3.4     COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

3.5     CIRCUIT DESIGN

3.6   CODE

3.7     WORKING OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER FOUR               

4.0     RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1       CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

4.2      CASING AND PACKAGING

4.3       ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS

4.4      TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

4.5     INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN

4.6     APPLICATIONS

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCES
• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                        BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Lighting control system is an intelligent network based lighting control solution that incorporates communication between various system inputs and outputs related to lighting control with the use of one or more central computing devices. Lighting control systems are widely used on both indoor and outdoor lighting of commercial, industrial, and residential spaces. Lighting control systems serve to provide the right amount of light where and when it is needed.  Lighting control systems are employed to maximize the energy savings from the lighting system, satisfy building codes, and energy conservation programs. Lighting control (Scherz, 2010).

The controlling of bathroom lights is usually done by the occupant of the house or the user of bathroom. This is not only precarious but also sometimes results in wastage of power because of the negligence or unusual circumstances on part of the user in operating the lights ON and OFF. Apart from solving the problem of negligence, this device will solve the problem of electric shock when the user of the bathroom might use wet hand to ON or OFF the bathroom light (Jung, 2013).

This work was built around motion detector. The motion sensor measures the movement of part of the human body or continual change in physical position of anything. It sends protective signal (either human being or object) to keep awareness to the people against instruments. Motion creates security network in our homes, hospitals, military base and banks it enables them to detect or attend to people in need or emergencies at all times for instance in bank where maximum security is required the device can be installed in an unnoticeable strategic position (Connected to a dark place) so that intruders can be detected without the intruders being aware of it (Jung, 2013).

However, this circuit solves the problem of electricity wastage and electric shock by switching on/off the bathroom lamp automatically once the presence of human being is detected.

1.2                                               PROBLEM STATEMENT

There is high level of risk of electric when someone wants to turn ON or OFF a bathroom light manual with wetted hand, and in a case where the user forgets to turn off the light will also lead to waste of electric energy. Therefore, if they have a motion detection system to switch ON/OFF the light automatically, it is easier for them to avoid these problems

With this system, users do not have to turn ON/OFF the bathroom light manually. Once users entered the bathroom, light will turn ON and when the user leaves the bathroom the light goes OFF.

1.3                                   AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this work is to design a device that will switch ON and OFF the bathroom light when the user enters the bathroom and vice-versa. The objectives are:

1. To investigate the principle of the device.
2. To save electric energy

• To reduce the risk of electric shock.

1.4                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This work automatically turns ON the lights when a person enters the washroom and it automatically turns it OFF when he leaves it. This circuit is also designed to consume lesser power so that the circuit can be used in any household or public washrooms without worrying about the power bills.

In this circuit, we use motion sensor which is used to detect the presence of human being.

1.5                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Working on this project will be of great benefit to me in that it will help me to understand the working and building of the system. To the user, this device will serve as a means of saving energy thereby reducing the cost of electric bill.

1.6                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

One of the problems of this device is that it can experience false triggering – such as movement of pets inside the bathroom can trigger the system.

1.7                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

Apart from using this device as a bathroom lighting system, this device can be used for other purposes such as:

• Useful for automatic outdoor lighting or garden lighting at home.
• Useful for automatic switching of street lights.
• Useful for switching the hoardings on and off automatically.
• Useful for self-switching operation of displaying title hoardings of companies.

1.8                                               PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.