Design And Construction Of An Adjustable LED Flasher

ABSTRACT

This project (Construction of an adjustable LED flasher) was constructed using available materials. Flashing circuits are very interesting. They grab your attention and can be used in many applications. They consume very little energy and a single cell can last as long as 12 months. You can flash globes, LEDs and pulse all types of devices such as motors, solenoids and piezo diaphragms. In this discussion we will cover a number of interesting “oscillator circuits.” They can be adapted for other applications – but to do this you have to know how they work. This is not easy as most of them are quite complex. In fact oscillator circuits are one of the most difficult circuits to understand. But if you read the text, everything will become clear. Flasher circuits have developed over a long period of time, with many of the earlier designs proving to be unreliable. The main aim of this work is to build an adjustable LED flasher circuit.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF LED FLASHING CIRCUIT
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
• REVIEW OF COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF AN LED

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     METHODOLOGY

3.1      BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2     SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.3      COMPONENTS REQUIRED

3.4      CIRCUIT OPERATION

3.5      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.6      DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1      RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.2      APPLICATIONS

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                            BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Flashing circuits are very interesting. They grab your attention and can be used in many applications. They consume very little energy and a single cell can last as long as 12 months. You can flash globes, LEDs and pulse all types of devices such as motors, solenoids and piezo diaphragms. In this discussion we will cover a number of interesting “oscillator circuits.” They can be adapted for other applications – but to do this you have to know how they work. This is not easy as most of them are quite complex. In fact oscillator circuits are one of the most difficult circuits to understand. But if you read the text, everything will become clear. Flasher circuits have developed over a long period of time, with many of the earlier designs proving to be unreliable.

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this research work is to construct an adjustable led flasher. The project is aimed to have couple of advantages over a flashing LED that can be buy as an individual item. The project is also the objective of the researcher to design the project with the most economical and efficiency parts so as to make it affordable to everyone.

• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The main purpose of this work is to build an LED flashing circuit with a variable level frequency.

1.4                                 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the operation of the adjustable LED flasher fully automated. It pulses it with a higher peak current to give a brighter illumination and consumes less average current. This means it will work for a long time on an almost flat battery and cost nothing to run. It is built with the 555 timer IC that is powered 9v batteries. The circuit can be used as a flashing metronome, dark room timer, memo-reminder or other similar applications

• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

It can be used for battery equipment to indicate the power is ON or as an ALARM ON indicator. You can use a super-bright LED and get a really bright flash, or an ordinary green, orange or yellow LED to get something better than a flashing red LED.

1.6                               LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

1. Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
2. Difficulty in parts gathering: I found it too difficult when gathering electronics parts used for the prototype.

• Time: The research of adjustable electronic flasher is a time consuming exercise for collection, analysis and preparation of its report Goods research takes time to plan and executed.

1. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.7                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, purpose, scope, objective, limitation and problem of this work was discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.