Design And Construction Of A Water System Storage Control Device

ABSTRACT

This project is titled the design and construction of a water system storage control device. It is designed to indicate the level of water in storage or over-head tank. Water system storage control device is widely used in many industries and houses. In this work, LEDs are used to display the level of water in the tank. If the water level is full, then the circuit beeps through the buzzer notifying that the water level is full.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This work is titled design and construction of a water system storage control device. It is best suited for storage water tanks to display the amount of water. The circuit consisting of 4 LED’s used to indicate ¼, ½, ¾, full levels.

Nowadays, because of lack of water supply everybody has an overhead tank at their homes. But everyone who has a water storage tank above knows the kind of problems that they face. Firstly there is no system to track the water in the tank. Then there come a secondary problem that is when their water pump is started they have no idea when it gets filled up and sometimes there are situation where the pump keeps on pumping water to the tank and the water starts spilling out from the tank. In this case there is wastage of energy as well as wastage of water.

Basically the unit is made up of various sensors acting as a switch. In the tank there is a set of sensors (to be precise there are 4 sensors), in the water tank. So the water starts to get filled in the tank and when the water level in the tank starts to rise up, what happens is that the sensors that is installed in the tank starts to get activated one by one indicating the water level in the tank. And finally when it reaches to its top most sensor, there will be a visual display as well as a sound from the unit indicating that the water has filled in the tank and one can be alerted that the tank has been filled up and the water pump has to be switched off saving the electricity bill as well as over flow of water from the tank.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

Measurement of the height of water in a storage tank or a big structure such as dam is a major subject of study in engineering. It is not easy to measure the water level in large architectural structures physically. Hence we always have the necessity of an electronic equipment that can measure the water level in a container and show a message informing about the water level in it. Sustainability of available water resource in many reason of the word is now a dominant issue. This problem is quietly related to poor water allocation, inefficient use, and lack of adequate and integrated water management. Water is commonly used for agriculture, industry, and domestic consumption. Therefore, efficient use and water monitoring are potential constraint for home or office water management system. Last few decades several monitoring system integrated with water level detection have become accepted. Measuring water level is an essential task for government and residence perspective. In this way, it would be possible to track the actual implementation of such initiatives with integration of various additional controlling activities. Therefore, water level indicating system implementation makes potential significance in home applications. Such an indicator is used in tanks to indicate the level of liquids and alert us when the tank is full. So by this circuit we can monitor the various levels of the tank and can avoid spillage of water and also we can configure our supplies according to the various levels of tank.

1.3                                                   AIM OF THE PROJECT

To construct an electronic device that can automatically detect water level and display the level via LEDs.

1.4                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of the project is to display the level of water in the underground or overhead storage tank thereby saving electric energy and water.

1.5                                          OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

• To institutionalize social regulations level that govern the allocation, use and management of water for the different purposes.
• To achieve equitable and sustainable access to groundwater to all farmers through sharing of resources and socially regulated demand management of the resource.
• To achieve equitable and secure access to water for drinking, sanitation and domestic needs at affordable costs for all households or company within the project area and project period.
• To control the supply of water.

1.6                                            SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The water system storage control device is a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the level of water in the overhead storage tank and also in the other containers. Nowadays, all the householders/owners are storing the water in overhead tanks by using the pumps. When the water is stored in the tank, no one can identify the level of water and also, no one can know when the water tank will fill. Hence there is an overflow of water in the tank, thus there is wastage of energy and water.

1.7                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

• Suitability: These water level controllers are ideally suited for normal water as well as for ultra low conductivity water with less than 1 micro/moh.
• Easy to Operate: this system come fitted with sensitivity setting which can be provided externally on a dial or with internal settings.
• Settings: It is equipped with technology which works on low or high sensitivity settings on the same machine and thereby saves costs of buying and using two different machines.
• Materials of Construction: this water indicator system is protected the against corrosion.
• Safety: This system is highly insulated, leakage proof and works without creating any noise.
• Save roofs.
• Save water.
• Save electricity

1.7                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device is used in the following:

1. overhead water tanks,
2. swimming pool boilers,

• factories,

1. chemical plants,
2. Electrical substations and also in other liquid storage systems.

1.8                                              PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

The only problem discovered in this work on the sensors.  Sensor may likely rust at a fast rate, while high mineral content in the water will likely plate to the probes enforcing failure or Causing inaccurate readings.

1.9                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.