Design And Construction Of A Prison Break Monitoring And Alerting System

ABSTRACT

Currently CCTVs, drones and guards are used to monitor the activities of the jail. But these surveillance systems are not sufficient to supervise such criminals and ensure that there is no chance of the escaping of these prisoners. As there are many problems with the modern security systems. Some of the detected issues with these CCTVs are deteriorated images at night, noisy camera footage, flickering videos, displaying horizontal lines on videos, getting no video signal, no recording by DVR, starting and annoying false alarms, bright spots on the monitor, etc. These troubles can create much chaos in the jails and prisoner can get a chance to flee as well as deployment of these techniques is quite costlier. This shows that there is a demand of such a secure system that is economical to use and can provide satisfactory surveillance solution to the jails. Many systems have been introduced earlier to fulfill this demand that generally use Bluetooth, GSM, GPS but these systems are not steady and can be affected by cyber-attacks. Through this paper we came-up with an idea to design an advanced and reliable fix for this problem statement. The aspiration of our device is to implement an intact environment in the prison that supervise the motion of the prisoners and the outsiders and overcome the limitations of the security modules available in the market using internet of things.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF PRISON TRACKING SYSTEM
• REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
• OVERVIEW OF INTERNET OF THINGS
• ARDUINO (ATMEGA328)
• REVIEW OF CASES OF PRISON BREAK IN NIGERIA
• REVIEW OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS
• KEY POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DESIGNING THIS DEVICE

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

BLOCK DIAGRAM

• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
• SYSTEM OPERATION
• HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
• IMPLEMENTATION METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• FINAL PROTOTYPE

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• FUTURE RECOMMANDATION

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                         INTRODUCTION

1.1                            BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A prison break is an unlawful act under Nigerian law, of a prisoner forcing their way out of a prison. It can also be described as attacks on the Nigerian Prisons Services by terrorists such as Boko Haram and armed robbers in which many prisoners are released. (Smith, 2010) Often, when this occurs effort are made by the Nigerian Prisons Services in conjunction with security agency to rearrest the escapee and return them to the prison and this may result in the extension of their jail term. Prison break in Nigeria may be attributed to corruption, (Osifodunrin, 2013) poor funding of the prison services, poor prison facilities, inadequate security features such as CCTV, motion sensors, high wall made up of barbed wire and sometimes electric fencing of the wall.

Several methods can be used to facilitate prison break. Physical method is the most common method adopted by the perpetrators of Nigeria prison break. (Beam, 2011)This method involved the use of arms and sometimes explosives such as dynamite to subdue the prison armed guard and other officials resulting in fatal casualties (Beam, 2011).

This paper targets on the condition that if the prisoner tries to escape from the jail his/her movement can be detected as soon as his/her presence is not been found in the cell or the area he/she is supposed to be in. Geo-fencing has been done and Laser is used to fail the idea of escaping.

Many Prison Security and Safety devices have been used in the past that are based on Wi-Fi, Bluetooth for Internet as communication mode, GPS and GSM for SMS as communication mode. All of these systems have their own restrictions. Wi-Fi and Bluetooth devices have a primary flaw of limited range. Poor internet connectivity can be an issue in densely populated areas and multistory buildings.

The main aim of this work is to keep a proper monitoring system on the inmates and track their location on regular basis using IoT.

In this work, escape detection in prison environment is detected using Geo-fencing with IOT based solution. As the security officials were easily botched by prisoners by means of deviating the officials to move away from their positions, it is again considered as additional offense to during his/her imprisonment Internet of Things (IOT) is an enabling technology to connect different physical objects/sensors which monitor the environment. It allows the sensors to exchange the information with other sensors and allows to act accordingly.

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.

1.2                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

Prison breaks are very common and most usual thing to happen. There is no such count but prison escapes keep happen, either at large scale or in smaller scale. A thought of these inmates still roaming around within us is itself very scary. The changes required in the today’s prison system is that, that the system should be a bit digitalized rather than using human force to guard the inmates.

The digital system to be used can be made reliable that it can’t be under cyber attack. There are some more aspects that can be used to make this system more reliable against cyber attack.

The problem statement is to make a digitally useful system for prison break alerting and monitoring the inmates using IOT.

1.3                                              AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The main aim of the system is to keep a proper monitoring system on the inmates and track their location on regular basis.

The main objectives of the system are:

1. To monitor the inmates on regular
2. To detect the location and change in location of the prisoners with the help of radio

• To send the alert signal throughout the prison if there is any prison

1.4                                             SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The system is made of Arduino module and a radio frequency (RF) module which helps us to achieve the desired results. The officer’s main portal is made with the help of IOT Gecko. The RF module is placed of each inmate, continuously tracking their location. Once the prisoner is out of his/her authenticated location an alert signal is passed on to the officer’s portal and throughout the prison alerting about the escape.

1.5                                  LIMITATION OF STUDY

As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-

1. Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
2. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

• Time Constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

1.6                                          SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research work will throw more light on the best techniques for protecting prison environment thereby reducing the rate of inmates escape. This study will also be designed to be of immense benefit students in that it will exposes them to the use and applications of IoT.

Finally, it will also serve as a useful piece of information for both producers and users of security devices.

1.7                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used to safeguard public places such as:

1. banks,
2. shopping malls,

• homes, from robbers.