Design And Construction Of A Multidoor Opening Alarm With Indicator (2nd edition)

ABSTRACT

A security alarm or indicator is a system designed to detect intrusion, such as unauthorized entry into a building or other areas such as a home or school. Security alarms used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties protect against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders. This work is on multiple door opening alarm with indicator which alerts user of intruders  or when doors are left open which can be used for up to three doors. This device warn and notify the owner of an impending attack. It is used when the owner is outside the house, or even when asleep. This device alerts the user whenever any of the doors is opened. It is built around a separate unit incorporating the power supply, three LEDs and a buzzer is to be kept by your side inside your room. A three core ribbon cable from this unit goes to each door unit. One core goes to the positive terminal, second to the negative terminal and third to the output of the unit. When the door is closed, the reed switch terminals are shorted and the alarm does not sound.

Keyword:  door opening alarm, door alarm, reed switch, application of a reed switch, intruder alarm.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIGFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1      REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY

2.2     HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INTRUDER ALARM

2.3     REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTRUDER SENSOR

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     METHODOLOGY

3.1     BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

3.3      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.4      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.5      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.6     DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TESTING AND RESULTS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                          INTRODUCTION

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

The need for having home protection has always been there. But in the recent times, considering a dramatic rise in petty crimes like robbery and theft, the need has been more strongly felt to have a fool proof protection of the belongings and the family members. Home security has come a long way in the last few decades. It was in the hands of a guard who manually provided surveillance during nights in the earlier days, but it was not fool proof as it was only normal for him to have momentary lapse of concentration [1].

The guard was also susceptible to sleep at times. It was then that home alarm system based upon electronic circuits were developed which proved to be highly reliable and were appreciated by the people as they were relieved from constant monitoring of their homes. This open door alert alerts you to intruders. It can use it for up to three doors which can also be extended for more doors by increasing the number of door units connected to the audio-visual indication unit.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

Forgetting to shut our home door at night might be a terrible experience as it can provide a way to thieves to enter our home. In other to avoid or solve this problem, a door opening alarm was built. This is a simple electronic project that alarms or visually indicates whenever the door is left open.

1.3                                        AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this project is to build simple electronic project that alarms or visually indicates whenever the door is left open.

The objectives of the study are:

1. To build the system prototype
2. To ensure adequate security in our premises.

• To ensure that window or doors are closed when necessary.

1.5                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

This device functions as an electronics watch dog. This device functions as a major security alarms  used in residential, commercial, industrial, and military properties for protection against burglary (theft) or property damage, as well as personal protection against intruders. This project shall serve as a means of ensuring adequate security in our homes

1.6                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

This project proposes the development of security system for residential houses industries, and military environment.

1.7                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The door alarm warns the owner by emitting a loud siren sound or a flashing light, or both if there is unauthorized access to the home or office door. It is also used as a warning alarm if the door of a store or garage is left open by mistake. In this project, a reed switch is used which is simply an electrical switch activated by a magnetic field. The reed switches are mounted on each doorframe and fix a magnet on the moving door such that the magnet aligns with the reed switch when the door is closed. A separate unit incorporating the power supply, three LEDs and a buzzer is to be kept by your side inside your room.  A 9v battery is used to sustain a rechargeable power to the whole device.

1.8                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This circuit can be used for a variety of purposes like home security, refrigerator door indicator, etc.

1.9                                     PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, problem statement, significance, aim and objectives scope and application of this study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the fabrications were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1                                                           CONCLUSION

Home security is rapidly growing field and there are new and improved intruder alarms popping up every day. With rapid advancement of technology the filled is turning out to be an area full of scope and new changes can be made to make it’s more efficient. It has years to come, because security is of prime importance to one and all.

This project has basic steps taken in the design and construction of  multidoor opening alarm with indicator in an electrical/ electronics workshop, these workshops which are well equipped, model for students of electrical/electronics to enhance and impact in them adequate knowledge on the various electrical devices  and components.

Again, different electronics components were studied under this condition like Resistor, Transistor, Capacitor, Rectifier, Led etc. their functions, properties and types even Transformer (12) volts was used as the project makes use of a lot of electronic devices.      

5.2                                                               RECOMMENDATION

First, I thank N.U.C (National University Commission) and this great Institution for allowing us such opportunities, which increases the technological know-how of students.

I recommend that this work should be researched more by future scholars as there are only but few of this work that has been researched on. There are many other forms of alarms that are more advanced like the house intruder alarm and be worked on.

Also, I recommend that every house owner should endeavor to own or install multidoor opening alarm with indicator in their houses because; it is very effective and relevant.