Design And Construction Of A 12Volt Automatic Battery Charger With Charging Progress And Charging Level Indicator

ABSTRACT

This project is on a 12volts automatic battery charger with charging progress   and charging level indicator. This work is aimed at building an automatic battery charger which comprises of indicators that indicates charging process and charging level indicator.

Method: The device was first built on a breadboard which is later transfer to vero board and soldered.

Result: The device was completely build and coupled, the result during the test shows that the charger was able to respond to its operation when a 12volts battery was connected it.

Conclusion and Recommendation: At the end of this project – battery charger, this device was built and tested. This type of device is important because there are many rechargeable devices that use 12v battery. I recommend that device should not be used for any other device lower or higher than 12v rating.

Cover page

1. Certification

iii. Dedication

1. Acknowledgement
2. Abstract:

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the Study
• Hypothesis
• Significance of Study
• Objective of Study
• Scope of Study
• Limitations of Study

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1    Review of Related works

2.2    Review of Different Types of Battery Chargers

2.3    Proposed system’s Theories

2.4    Advantages of Proposed system

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Method of Analysis

3.2 Material used

3.3 Hardware Design Methods

3.4 Software Design Methods

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS/ANALYSIS

4.1 Hardware Result/analysis

4.2 Software result/analysis

4.3 Result Analysis

4.4 Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Recommendation

5.3 Contribution to Knowledge

5.4 future scopes

References

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the Study

A battery charger is described as is a device that provides electricity to convert into stored chemical energy for storage in an electrochemical cell by running an electric current through it. [Zhang et al, 2013].

A battery charger consists of a rectifier circuit, power circuit, ripple monitoring, control circuit, regulator circuit.

A Battery charger comes in various designs and voltage.  The choice of a particular charger depends largely on the size of battery. Mini battery charger could be used to charge batteries whose voltage is 12 volts.

The battery charge is built in such a way that it delivers a constant value of d.c current into the battery it is charging in the opposite direction from which current flows on the batteries during discharge one cannot successfully design a battery charge without a fundamental understanding of the accumulator because it also makes up the operation according to [Zhang et al, 2013].

This work is aimed at building an automatic battery charger which comprises of indicators that indicates charging process and charging level indicator.

• Significance of Study

Carrying this work will go along way teaching students how battery charger is been made and the operation of battery charger. This study will also be of great benefit to all users of charger and rechargeable devices in that it will help them to understand how their battery is been charged and how chargers are operated.

• Research Hypothesis

H₁: The charger can effectively charge a 12v battery.

Ho: The charger cannot effectively charge a 12v battery,

• Aim and Objective of Study

The main aim of this work is to build an automatic battery charger which comprises of indicators that indicates charging process and charging level indicator. The objectives are:

1. To build the device
2. To know when a battery is charging or not

• To know the status of a battery thereby saving the battery from over-charge
  • Scope of Study

The scope of this work focuses on the building of a 12v battery that incorporated charging process and charging level indicator. In this work, a voltage sensor circuit is incorporated to sense the voltage of the battery under charge. The charger has the ability to automatically switch OFF when the battery voltage reaches the required optimum level with the help of the contact relay, the transistor and the zener diode when bend the current back to the system, and the system have the ability to indicate when the battery is charging or not, when the battery is empty or fully charged.

• Limitations of Study

This charger can only be used for 12v batteries. The final packaging of the device will compose of three LEDs which includes LED for power, charging process and charging level.