Design And Analysis Of Fuel Purification System For Nnec Fuel Pump Taking In To Consideration The Use Of Locally Refined Fuel Method Centrifugal

The Fuel Purification System is a self-contained fuel quality maintenance system developed for stored diesel and biodiesel fuels. The system effectively removes water and solids to 2 microns, insuring the availability of clean, dry, contaminant-free fuel for standby diesel generators and other fuel storage facilities. By maintaining clean, dry fuel, the Fuel Purification System eliminates the need for biocides and chemical additives, resulting in additional savings and ensuring quick starts and trouble-free operation of your engines. The aim of this study is to design and analyze a fuel purification system for NNEC pump.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGES OF FUEL PURIFICATION
• RESEARCH QUESTION
• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      OVERVIEW OF FUEL

2.2      PROPERTIES OF FUEL

2.3      REVIEW OF FUEL CONTAMINANT

2.4      FUEL PURIFICATION: REVIEW OF EXISTING METHODS

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      METHODOLOGY

3.1      INTRODUCTION

3.2      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.3      SYSTEM THEORY

3.4      THE PICTORIAL DIAGRAM OF THE WORK

3.5      SYSTEM ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1      RESULT AND DISCUSION

4.2      DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0      CONCLUSION AND RCOMMENDATION

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION

5.3     REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                           INTRODUCTION

1.1                              BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Fuel stored or in a pump is subject to many factors degrading its performance: high temperature, oxidation by the oxygen in the air, moisture, contamination with metal particles, ash and dust, etc. To protect the components of industrial equipment, contaminants must be removed from the fuel.

All contaminants can be roughly divided into three groups: organic, non-organic and acidic. The first group includes unburned fuel, tar, solvents, water and cinder, the second includes dirt, dust, wear products, particles of seals and expired additives.

Fuel Purification is a process mandatory after long term storage or contact with air. There are many methods of removing water and particulate matter from fuels. The most common methods are settling, centrifugation and filtration. Of course, all processes have both advantages and limitation, and research into the development of new physical and chemical methods of fuel purification is ongoing. The methods can formally be divided into two groups: single use or long term.

The former involve pre-treatment of fuel. In general case, the processing includes washing the fuel with hot water or steam. Water is used because of its surfactant qualities, which can extract most impurities at the fuel-water phase boundary. At the same time, special demulsifiers must be used to completely and rapidly remove water from the fuel after washing. This method cannot completely purify the liquid. Only 3 – 15 micron particles can be removed, leaving 1-2 micron contaminants.

There are other processes, such as the hydrodynamic method. In this case, fuel is pushed through a conical valve at 21-35 MPa. Pressure is gradually reduced almost to normal atmospheric. The change of fuel flow speed and pressure in the valve causes destruction of asphalt and tar substances. The limitation of this method is that inorganic solid impurities are not destroyed. The amount of contaminants in the fuel is not reduced, but dispersed more finely. This allows to protect filters, fuel lines and nozzles from clogging.

Another way to purify fuel is by short sound waves. In this case, the particles increase in size due to acoustic coagulation. They can then be filtered out.

Electric separation can also purify fuel. The electrical field in these systems causes coagulation of water droplets for later removal by gravity or centrifuges.

One time physical and chemical methods of removing water from fuel are efficient, but also complicated and cumbersome. They involve filtration through adsorbents (charcoal, zeolite, silica or alumina gels).

Long term physical and chemical methods are simpler. They ensure adequate fuel purity during transportation, storage and use. The idea is to introduce small amounts of chemically active additives. Their influence remains from the moment of mixing to combustion in the cylinder. The range of additive effects is quite wide. They limit or eliminate corrosion of metal parts, prevent formation of tar, coagulate particulate matter etc. Selection of a specific method directly depends on the requires to motor systems.

Several general indications are reasonably used to estimate fuel purity, characterizing the impact on equipment operation. Some of the indications are maximum impurity size and moisture content. In most cases, equipment manuals contain information on the required purity of the fuel entering the system. Moreover, purity is regulated all along the fuel chain of supply, beginning with the producers and ending with the fuel tanks. Naturally, the highest purity is required when fuel is poured into the tanks.

1.2                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT

Fuel contamination and degradation is one of the main causes of equipment failure in an emergency, making looking after your fuel a key part of your emergency back-up maintenance responsibility. Fuel in operation is subject to many factors degrading its performance: high temperature, oxidation by the oxygen in the air, moisture, contamination with metal particles, ash and dust, etc. To protect the components of industrial equipment, contaminants must be removed from the fuel. This study was introduced to analyzed a method of purifying fuel for NNEC fuel pump.

1.3                                       AIM OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this work is to analyse the method used in fuel purification system for NNEC fuel pump. In this work, a centrifugal method is considered.

1.4                     ADVANTAGES OF FUEL PURIFICATION

Having a clean and viable is essential; fuel purification eliminates fuel filter clogging, related breakdowns, down time, and frequent filter replacements.

1.5                                    RESEARCH QUESTION

1. How do you purify fuel?
2. How do you purify fuel?

• What is a purification process?

1. What is fuel purifier?

1.6                                   PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the fuel purification system is three-fold:

1. Cleaning of the fuel oil by removal of water, solids, and suspended matter to protect the engine from excessive wear and corrosion
2. Conditioning of the fuel oil to prepare for best possible properties for injection to the engine and a good combustion

• To take care of oily sludge streams from separators, self-cleaning filters etc., with the task to: reduce the sludge volume which has to be landed or incinerated recover usable fuel oil extract water to be transferred to the bilge water system

1.7                               RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.

1.8                                STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the related works, chapter three describes methods used for the study, chapter four discusses result and discussion, chapter five is on summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation.