Analysis Of Data Transmission On Power Line System

ABSTRACT

In this work an attempt is made to transmit data over [1] power line. Now a days power line is getting wide acceptance for sending control signals and communication signals. It has the advantage of less intial expenses to establish a communication network. In this work it is demonstrated power line can be used for transmitting data using simple power line communication interface. The results are promising that power line can also be used for high speed data transfer.

Note to practitioners- Wireless communication has become very popular for data transmission. Wireless devices are operated by using storage cell or utility power. Many Home automation products in market are device dependent. With wireless devices huge investment is required to automate the complete home which is just function specific. These days security is a serious issue. One can integrate all the functionalities to have affordable commercial product if data transmission at high rate can be done on power line.

The outcome of this work can become a part of such product which can be plugged in to all devices which are connected to power line. Such method provides affordable and integrated solution. If high speed data transmission is possible over power line a microcontroller is the only device that can be programmed according to applications to make a product.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• OVERVIEW OF POWER-LINE COMMUNICATION
• BASICS OF POWER-LINE COMMUNICATION

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM BLOCK DESCRIPTION
• SIMULATION OF MODEM
• IMPLEMENTATION
• WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE SYSTEM

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

• RESULTS
• SYSTEM MODELING

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                               INTRODUCTION

The power line modem uses the power line cable as communication medium. It is convenient as it eliminates the need to lay additional cables. However the traditionally used channels have come to a saturation level. There is need to explore new kind of technology which is simpler to implement and is not as expensive as other related technologies. This can be implemented in small areas such as residences, offices, etc. Various kind of devices can be controlled remotely. The main benefit of this system is simplicity of automation of their house. Another major factor is the ubiquity of the medium

– power outlets are commonly found and available throughout the house or the office and may very well serve as communication nodes.

The external electrical grid can also be used for many applications whose solutions provide many opportunities for equipment vendors and utilities to offer new services, features and products, cut costs of current services, fully automate manual processes and procedures. It can also be used to improve current products, monitor and collect valuable data, offer remote service options and create new business and revenue streams utilizing the existing infrastructure [2]. Data rates over a power line communication system vary widely. Low-frequency(about 100- 200 kHz)carriers impressed on high-voltage transmission lines may carry one or two analog voice circuits, or telemetry and control circuits with an equivalent data rate of a few hundred bits per second. High speed data communication is possible using [3] OFDM techniques.

1.1                                 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

As technology advances and more technologies are developed and used by society, our demand for electricity will increase at unpredictable rates. In fact, on a daily basis power companies are faced with the challenge of distributing power through their power grids without disrupting the flow  of  electricity to other users.       However, when there is a sudden increase in the demand for power in a part of the power grid then there can be disastrous effects. When the load is too great for a power grid there can be outages that can cost the economy millions of dollars and this is simply unacceptable. Many times it is not by fault of the power company that these outages occur, but mainly due to mechanical failures at certain nodes or unexpected increases in power consumption at particular  nodes.                              Power-on-Demand [4] cannot decrease the occurrence of outages due to mechanical failures, but it can decrease the chances of outages occurring due to unexpected increases in demand for power. Power-on-Demand is gaining support because of the functionality it purports.

Using this technology, power companies can communicate with their large industrial clients on an ongoing basis and be assured that their power demands will be met. This will decrease the probability of an outage being caused by those clients and increase the efficiency of the power network. The motivation is simple – create efficient power networks by communication. If companies are successful in implementing Power-on-Demand systems, then this technology can be further developed to offer other services using Power Line Data Transmission.

Power line communication has been around for quite some time, but has only been used for narrow band tele-remote relay applications, public lighting and home automation. Broadband over PLC only began at the end of the 1990s. Although its use is expanding into the distribution area [5] for load control and even into households for control of lighting, alarming and a/c and heating, the major application is on Transmission Lines in Protective relaying. A channel is used in line relaying so that both ends of a circuit are cleared at high speed for all faults, including end zone faults. A PLC channel can also be used to provide remote tripping functions [6] for transformer protection, shunt reactor protection and remote breaker failure relaying. The typical application in the United States is with dedicated power line carrier, which means that one channel is used for protective relaying only. Single-sideband is used extensively in Europe and in “emerging growth countries” where many functions (relaying, voice, data, etc.) are multiplexed at the audio level (1200 to 3000 Hz) over a single RF channel (30 to 500 kHz). The trend in Europe [7] is now changing towards dedicated carrier for relaying because fiber is taking over for generalized communications.

1.2                                                                        AIM OF PROJECT

Data transfer through Power line technique is economical as well as user friendly method. In this project we investigate, identify and overcome the challenges of using the power line for communication purpose. We designed this project to transmit eight bit data which we called as command from one place to another by the use of power line. We can implement this project in pre installed single wiring supply. For transmission of command through power line we need power modem at transmitter and receiver side. In this command is send from one pc using a software terminal to a transmitter kit and then this data is transfer on power line and then this data is received on receiver side and decoded in original form.

1.4                                                                                                                                                                                            ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

1. It’s inexpensive
2. It uses existing electrical

• It provides Flexibility &

1. It’s easy to
2. PLC solution is a complementary solution to traditional fixed line networks, wireless

1.5                                                                        APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

1. This technology has been to facilitate meter reading e electricity meter, gas meter, temperature meter etc.
2. Control of air conditioning

• Home automation

1. In corporate building

1.6                                 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

The main disadvantage of power line communication is the power modem used in power line communication can send only 8bit data. Hence we cannot send data but we only send commands.

1.7                                       SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Power line communication is user friendly method used for installing a network within a building. In this technology we transmit the data as well as electric current through single power line. We use the pre installed wired network for transmitting and receiving the data which is economically reasonable. In this we convert data in coded form and then transmit it through 230v and 50Hz supply and at receiver side it decoded in original form. In data transfer through power line we generally send command to any process or plant or corporate buildings.